Edmund kingsland



UNITE STATES PATENT OFFTC. f

EDMUND KINGSLAND, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

BRICK-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 14,873, dated May 13,' 1856.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND KINGSLAND, of the cit-y, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Making Bricks; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specification, inV which- Figure 1, is a vertical section of a brick machine constructed according to my invention, taken in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mold cylinder. Fig. 2, is a section of the mold cylinder in a plane passing through its axis. Fig. 3, is a plan of the machine. Fig. t, is a face view of what 'I call the finisher.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention consists, firstly, in an oscillating nisher having two sets of bearings, of which one set is rigidly fixed and the other yielding, and operating substantially as hereinafter described, in combination with a revolving mold cylinder for the purpose of finishing the bricks with flat surfaces on their outer faces. Y

It consists secondly, in certain means of varying the depth of all the molds in the mold cylinder simultaneously, for the purpose of varying the thickness. o-f the bricks.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed `which are fitted within the cylinder to work in and out radially and provided with studs b', b', at each end, protruding from the ends of t-he cylinder to come in contact with two pairs of rollers 0 and CZ, shown dotted in Fig. 1, arranged on stationary axes on both sides of the machine for the purpose of driving in the pistons before filling the molds, anddriving them out again to expel the nished bricks.

The method of arranging and operating the pistons, as far as thus described is substantially like that in some other machines, but the method of supporting the pistons during the pressure of the brick, which also admits of the variation of the depth of the molds, is different, as I will now describe. The inner edges of the piston bars G, G, are inclined in opposite directions from the middle of their length toward their extremities, as shown at e, e, Fig. 2, and the mold cylinder shaft C is fitted with two metal frustums of cones H, H, the profiles of which correspond wit-h the inclinations e, e, on the inner faces of the piston bars Gr, Gr, the saidcones serving as a bearing for the piston bars while the pistons are at the bottom of the molds and during the compres sion of the clay therein. By moving these cones toward or from each other, the piston bars are caused to find a bearing, with the pistons at a less or greater depth within the mold, and thus to vary the thickness of the bricks. To effect the movement of the cones for this purpose, I make the cylinder shaft C, to which the cylinder is firmly secured, hollow, and fit to suitable bearings therein, a .small shaft C, upon which are right and left handed screws f, f, fitted with nuts g, g, which are attached to the cones I-I, H, by arms r', r, passing through slots j, j, in the shaft. The shaft C is fitted to the shaft C, so as to be capable of turning but not moving longitudinally therein, but the nuts are allowed to move longitudinally by providing suitable cavities within the shaft, though they are prevented from turning, by the arms z', z', in the slots j, j. The shaft shaft C is providedwith a suitable handle k, at one end by which to turn it and by turning it, the nuts are caused to approach or recede from each other, according to the direction in which the shaft is turned, and the cones being connected to the nuts, move also. When the adjustment of the cones is varied, the position of the roller c, by which the pistons are forced into the molds will require to be varied, as it is desirable that the pistons should be pushed just to their bea-ring. The cylinder is driven by a pair of gears g, g, from the main shaft B.

The pressure roller E, is applied and operates in the same manner as the first pressure roller of other brick machines of similar character working in fixed bearings and being driven by a pair of gears Z Z, from the cylinder shaftl C, so that its periphery rotates at the same speed as the periphery of the mold cylinder. This roller presses the clay into the molds to form -the bricks but leaves them with a rounded surface.

The finisher F which is employed to give the final pressure to the clay in the molds, consists of a segment of a cylinder whose radius may be about equal to the radiusv of a circle circumscribing the mold cylinder. This segment is of the same length as the mold cylinder. It is furnished with a pair of journals 0, o, and also with another pair of journals p, p. The relative positions of these journals are shown in Fig. 1. The journals 0, 0, are some distance from the arc of the segment and are in a plane which is normal to the vertex of the arc. The journals p, p, are nearly close to the arc at one extremity thereof. The journals 0, 0., are received in boxes n, n, which are so arranged that the segment formed finisher will bear at the vertex or central line of its arc on the face of the mold cylinder. The position o-f the boxes of these journals de termines the position of the bearings for the journals p, 0. The latter bearings are fixed but the boxes n, a, are fitted to slide to a limited extent toward and from the mold cylinder, and have springs m, m,vap plied to them to give the finisher heavy but yielding pressure to keep its face in con tact with the mold cylinder but to allow it to oscillate slightly from its journals p, p, as is required by the polygonal character which the mold cylinder is caused to have by the flattening of the faces of the molds.l The molds containing the clay which has been pressed in them, by the roller E, in passing the face of the finisher, cause the clay to receive therefrom the final pressure and also to have a flat form given to its outer face. The finisher F has no other movement than the slight oscillating movement that is produced by the fiat faces of the-molds on thel mold cylinder. By making the cylinder with flat faced molds, as described,and employing the finisher F in connection with it, I am enabled to make Vflat faced bricks on a mold cylinder of small diameter and keep the machine in a smaller y compass than other brick machines using mold cylinders, as the cylinders of those; machines are generally made as large asv practicable so that the outer faces of the; bricks may be made nearly fiat by a finish- .ing roller working in fixed bearings.

I, is a dust box containing dust for dusting the pistons and insides of the molds,

arranged at a suitable point above the mold cylinder and having an open bott-om fitted with a cylindrical screen K, which receives a rotary motion through a band fr, running to a pulleys, on its shaft, from the pressure;

roller E, (see Fig. 3). Below the screen' K,

.ranfred in suitable bearings.

vsecured across the box.

compartments in the form of segments of a. cylinder. The dust sifted by the screen K falls into the compartments of the box L, and by the revolution of the latter which has a fan like action, is thrown in a thin shower into the molds just before they arrive at the hopper M, where they receive the clay. The box L receives its rotary motion through a band t, from a pulley u, on the main shaft B, running to a pulley o, on its own shaft.

lV, is an endless moving apron arranged under the mold cylinder to receive the bricks from the molds and convey them away.

O, is a box in which the clay is placed for making the bricks. This box is providedwith an inclined perforated bottom P, which receives a reciprocating motion through two connecting rods fw, w, from two cranks on a shaft Q. In place of this reciprocating motion, a rotary motion may `be used. Above the perforated bottom and nearly touching it, there are stationary bars R, R, The perforated moving bottom P, of the clay box O, eX- tends some distance through the upper end y of the box toward the hopper M and over it, is placed an open bottomed box S, con-4 taining coal dust, and still higher is placed an open bottomed sand box T, containing sandsaidrboxes S and T fitting closely to the perforated bottom P. Some distance bclow the perforated bottom P, is placed an endless apron V, which works on two rollers y, y. This apron inclines in the same di-A rection as the said bottom, viz: upwardtoward the hopper M. Between the apron V and the perforated bottom of the clay box and nearly under the coal box S, is placed the shaft Q before mentioned, which is im tended to be driven in any convenient Inanner. This shaft Q carries a number of radial beaters 4, 4. A little higher up the inclined apron is a shaft U which stands nearly under, only a little higher up the apron than the sand box, carrying two circular heads 5, 5 to which are attached a number of beaters b, b, arranged parallel with the shaft. The clay is prepared for being molded by being placed in the box O, where it is ground up, between the perforated bottom P and the stationary bars R, R, and forced through the perforations in the bottom P on to the apron V, and is i carried by the apron under the coal box S,

where it is worked4 up again by the beaters 4, 4,- on the shaft Q and the coal dust falling through the bottom P are mixed with it by the said beaters after which it receives the sand from the sand box T, and is again worked up by the long beaters b, b.

The operation of forming the bricks is as follows. The clay after having been worked This box has and tempered as above described, is deposited by the apron V in the hopper M from whence it is forced into the molds by the revolution of the mold cylinder toward the pressure roller E, as is indicated by the arrow in Fig. l, and is compressed in the molds by the said rollers E, as they severally arrive opposite the said roller. The molds noW filled With clay, pass in contact With the nisher F, by which the final pressure and flattening of the outer surfaces .of the bricks is eected as hereinbefore described; from the finisher the molds move onward until the ends of their respective piston bars G, G come in contact Wit-h the rollers CZ, d, the action of which drives out the bricks and deposits them on the apron XV. The empty molds then move onward until the ends b, of their piston bars G, come in contact with the roller c, and at aboutthe same time as this is eected the dust is sprinkled into the mold by the action of the revolving box or fan I, when the mold is in a state to be recharged With clay as it moves on under t-he hopper.

Vhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

l. The oscillating finisher F, provided with a pair of fixed and a pair of movable bearings, and operating substantially as herein described, in combination Wit-h a mold cylinder containing` flat faced molds, for the purpose of finishing the bricks with flat outer surfaces, as herein set forth.

2. The employment, for varying the depth of all the molds simultaneously to vary the thickness of the bricks, of the tivo cones H, H, the right and left handed screw shaft C. and the nuts g, g, all applied to the mold cylinder shaft and operating substantially as herein described, in combination With the inclined edges e, e, on the piston bars G, G.

EDMUND KINGSLAND.

Witnesses:

WM. TUsoH, JAMES F. BUCKLEY. 

